A study of confined Stark effect, hydrostatic pressure and temperature on nonlinear optical properties in 1D GaxAl1−xAs/GaAs/GaxAl1−xAs quantum dots under a finite square well potential
https://doi.org/10.17586/2220-8054-2023-14-1-44-53
Abstract
In the present paper, investigations of nonlinear optical rectification, absorption coefficient and refractive index in a 1D GaxAl1−xAs/GaAs/GaxAl1−xAs quantum dots under a finite square well potential using simulation software such as COMSOL Multi-Physics and Matlab have been carried out in the presence of electric field, hydrostatic pressure and temperature. Results show that the resonant peaks of ORC (optical rectification coefficient) exhibit a blue shift under increasing of the electric field, while a red shift trailed by a blue shift is displayed under increasing of hydrostatic pressure and temperature. Similar trends take place for the refractive index as well as for the absorption coefficient under changing of the electric field, temperature and hydrostatic pressure. The attained theoretical results would pave a novel opportunity in designing, optimizing and applications of nonlinear opto-electronic devices by tuning the performance of the quantum dots and controlling some of their specific properties.
About the Authors
R. ChaurasiyaIndia
Rohit Chaurasiya, Department of Applied Physics,
Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042.
S. Dahiya
India
Suman Dahiya, Department of Applied Physics,
Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042.
R. Sharma
India
Rinku Sharma, Department of Applied Physics,
Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042.
References
1. Aderras L., et al. Stark-shift of impurity fundamental state in a lens shaped quantum dot. Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, 2017, 89, P. 119–123.
2. Temkin H., et al. GexSi1−x strained-layer heterostructure bipolar transistors. Applied Physics Letters, 1988, 52 (13), P. 1089–1091.
3. Luryi S., Kastalsky A., Bean J.C. New infrared detector on a silicon chip. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 1984, 31 (9), P. 1135–1139.
4. Rhee S.S., et al. Resonant tunneling through a Si/GexSi1−x/Si heterostructure on a GeSi buffer layer. Applied Physics Letters, 1988, 53 (3), P. 204–206.
5. Mohamed Kria Varsha, et al. Quantum Confined Stark Effect on the Linear and Non-linear Optical Properties of SiGe/Si Semi Oblate and Prolate Quantum Dots Grown in Si Wetting Layer. Nanomaterials, 2021, 11 (6).
6. Mourad Baira, et al. Intersubband optical nonlinearity of GeSn quantum dots under vertical electric field. Micromachines, 2019, 10 (4), 243.
7. Dvoyan K.G., Kazaryan E.M. Impurity states in a weakly prolate (oblate) ellipsoidal microcrystal placed in a magnetic field. Physica Status Solidi B, 2001, 228 (3), P. 695–703.
8. Suman Dahiya, Siddhartha Lahon, Rinku Sharma. Effects of temperature and hydrostatic pressure on the optical rectification associated with the excitonic system in a semi-parabolic quantum dot. Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, 2020, 118, 113918.
9. Amal Abu Alia, Mohammad K. Elsaid, Ayham Shaer. Magnetic properties of GaAs parabolic quantum dot in the presence of donor impurity under the influence of external tilted electric and magnetic fields. J. of Taibah University for Science, 2019, 13 (1), P. 687–695.
10. Franken P.A., et al. Generation of optical harmonics. Physical Review Letters, 1961, 7 (4), 118.
11. Keyin Li, Kangxian Guo, Litao Liang. Effect of the shape of quantum dots on the refractive index changes. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 2016, 502, P. 146–150.
12. Khaledi-Nasab A., et al. Optical rectification and second harmonic generation on quasi-realistic InAs/GaAs quantum dots: with attention to wetting layer effect. Int. Scholarly Research Notices, 2013 (2013).
13. Jin-Feng You, et al. The effect of temperature, hydrostatic pressure and magnetic field on the nonlinear optical properties of AlGaAs/GaAs semiparabolic quantum well. Int. J. of Modern Physics B, 2019, 33 (27), 1950325.
14. Yuan Lihua, et al. Effect of a magnetic field on the energy levels of donor impurities in the ZnO parabolic quantum well. J. of Semiconductors, 2011, 32 (8), 082001.
15. Gil B. Group III nitride semiconductor compounds: physics and applications. Clarendon Press, 1998.
16. Empedocles S.A., Bawendi M.G. Quantum-confined Stark effect in single CdSe nanocrystallite quantum dots. Science, 1997, 278 (5346), P. 2114– 2117.
17. Zaiping Zeng, et al. Competition effects of electric and magnetic fields on impurity binding energy in a disc-shaped quantum dot in the presence of pressure and temperature. Science of Advanced Materials, 2014, 6 (3), P. 586–591.
18. Harrison P., Valavanis A. Quantum wells, wires and dots: theoretical and computational physics of semiconductor nanostructures. John Wiley and Sons, 2016.
19. Aghoutane N., et al. Refractive index changes and optical absorption involving 1s1p excitonic transitions in quantum dot under pressure and temperature effects. Applied Physics A, 2019, 125 (1).
20. Vallee O., Soares M. Airy functions and applications to physics. World Scientific Publishing Company, Singapore, 2010.
21. Ghatak A.K., Goyal I.C., Gallawa R.L. Mean lifetime calculations of quantum well structures: a rigorous analysis. IEEE J. of Quantum Electronics, 1990, 26 (2), P. 305–310.
22. Boyd R.W. Nonlinear optics. Academic press, NY, 2020.
23. Rezaei G., Karimi M.J., Keshavarz A. Excitonic effects on the nonlinear intersub-band optical properties of a semi-parabolic one-dimensional quantum dot. Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 43 (1) (2010), pp. 475–481.
Review
For citations:
Chaurasiya R., Dahiya S., Sharma R. A study of confined Stark effect, hydrostatic pressure and temperature on nonlinear optical properties in 1D GaxAl1−xAs/GaAs/GaxAl1−xAs quantum dots under a finite square well potential. Nanosystems: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics. 2023;14(1):44-53. https://doi.org/10.17586/2220-8054-2023-14-1-44-53