Природные полифенолы как потенциальные антибактериальные агенты и их системы доставки наноразмерного уровня

Бактериальные инфекции, вызванные патогенами с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью, представляют серьезную опасность как для людей, так и для сельскохозяйственных животных. По этой причине природные биологически активные вещества (БАВ), в частности полифенолы, обладающие широким спектром биологической активности, могут стать перспективными молекулами для эффективной антибактериальной терапии. Несмотря на потенциально высокую антибактериальную активность и другие полезные биологические эффекты, использование таких БАВ затруднено из-за их низкой растворимости в воде. Для преодоления этой проблемы используются различные подходы, например, «загрузка» (инкапсулирование) БАВ в наноразмерные системы доставки (наночастицы, нанокапсулы, мицеллы и т.д.). Такие подходы позволяют не только повысить эффективность природных БАВ, но и обеспечить их адресное (локальное) действие, что важно при лечении бактериальных заболеваний, а в некоторых случаях приводят к синергическому действию. В данном обзоре описаны антибактериальные свойства наиболее перспективных полифенолов и ключевые подходы к их доставке на наноразмерном уровне, а также методы их разработки.

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