«Зеленый» подход к производству пористых углеродсодержащих адсорбентов путем окислительной карбонизации в кипящем слое катализатора

Разработан экологичный и энергоэффективный подход к получению пористых углерод-минеральных адорбентов из отходов сельского хозяйства (рисовая шелуха, пшеничные отруби) и осадочного углеродсодержащего сырья (высокозольный торф, уголь). Он основан на неполном сжигании в реакторе с кипящим слоем катализатора глубокого окисления при пониженных температурах (465 – 600 °С). Данный подход позволяет получать пористые углеродсодержащие материалы с повышенным содержанием минеральной компоненты, состав и содержание которой зависит от используемого сырья, а также газообразные продукты полного окисления. Было обнаружено, что полученные адсорбенты обладают развитой пористой структурой с удельной поверхностью по БЭТ ~50 – 170 м²·г^-1, объемом пор 0,05 – 0,17 мл·г^-1, зольностью 16 – 79 мас. %. Данные материалы были дополнительно исследованы методами ТГА и ИК-спектроскопии. Их тестирование в качестве адсорбентов ионов тяжелых металлов (на примере Cu²⁺) и органических красителей (на примере метилового зеленого) показало, что их адсорбционная способность сравнима с адсорбционной способностью биоуглей, полученных традиционными пиролитическими методами.

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